中文版
Description
Synchronous motor, and induction motor (that is, asynchronous motor) is a commonly used AC motor. Synchronous motor is the heart of the power system, it is a set of rotation and static, electromagnetic change and mechanical movement in one, to achieve electrical energy and mechanical energy conversion components, its dynamic performance is very complex, and its dynamic performance has a great impact on the dynamic performance of the whole power system. It is characterized by: steady state operation, there is a constant relationship between the rotor speed and the power grid frequency n=ns=60f/p, where f is the power grid frequency, p is the pole number of the motor, ns is called synchronous speed. If the frequency of the power grid is unchanged, the speed of the synchronous motor is constant in the steady state and has nothing to do with the size of the load. Synchronous motor is divided into synchronous generator and synchronous motor. The alternators in modern power plants are mainly synchronous generators. Mode of operation
There are three main modes of operation of synchronous motors, that is, as generators, motors and compensators.
Running as a generator is the most important operation mode of synchronous motor.
Operation as a motor is another important mode of operation of synchronous motors. The power factor of synchronous motor can be adjusted, and the application of large synchronous motor can improve the operation efficiency when speed regulation is not required. Small synchronous motor has been widely used in variable frequency speed control system.
The synchronous motor can also be connected to the power grid as a synchronous compensator. At this time, the motor does not have any mechanical load, and the inductive or capacitive reactive power required by the excitation current in the rotor is adjusted to the power grid, so as to improve the power factor of the grid or adjust the voltage of the grid.
The synchronous generator, like other types of rotary motors, consists of two parts: a fixed stator and a rotating rotor. Generally divided into rotary synchronous motor and rotary synchronous motor.
The most commonly used is the rotary synchronous generator, the inner circle of the stator core is evenly distributed with stator slots, and the slots are embedded with three phase symmetrical windings arranged in accordance with the law. The stator of this synchronous motor is also called armature, and the stator core and winding are also called armature core and armature winding.
The rotor core is equipped with a pair of magnetic poles made of a certain shape, and the magnetic pole is surrounded by an exciting winding, and when the direct current is passed, a polarity interphase magnetic field will be formed in the air gap of the motor, which is called the exciting magnetic field (also known as the main magnetic field and the rotor magnetic field).
The prime mover drives the rotor to rotate (input mechanical energy to the motor), and the exciting magnetic field of the polarity phase rotates with the axis and cuts the stator phase winding successively (equivalent to the conductor of the winding cutting the exciting magnetic field in reverse).
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