Petroleum products have a very wide range of roles and functions in social and economic development, and their refined products have penetrated into all aspects of people’s lives and are inseparable. [6]
Petroleum is a mixture of different hydrocarbon compounds. Through one-time processing, the simple physical method of atmospheric pressure and vacuum distillation is mainly used to cut petroleum into various petroleum fractions with different boiling point ranges and different densities. Petroleum secondary processing is mainly by chemical method or chemistry. Physical method – catalytic cracking (catalytic reforming, coking, viscosity reduction, hydrocracking, solvent deasphalting, etc.) to increase the yield of a certain product, increase product variety, and improve product quality. Many chemical products are produced through tertiary processing through chemical processes. In general, petroleum products can be divided into six categories: petroleum fuels, petroleum solvents and chemical raw materials, lubricants, paraffin, petroleum pitch, and petroleum coke. Among them, various fuels account for nearly 90% of the total output; various lubricants have the most varieties, accounting for about 5% of the total output. Various petroleum products obtained by processing petroleum have a wide range of different uses in different fields.
Petroleum is processed and refined, and the products that can be obtained can be roughly divided into four categories:
fuel
Petroleum, diesel, kerosene and fuel oil of various grades are widely used in various types of automobiles, tractors, ships, warships, tanks, airplanes, rockets, boilers, trains, bulldozers, Power machinery such as drilling rigs consume the largest amount of petroleum products, so petroleum is known as the blood of industry.
Petroleum fuel is the most used oil product. According to its purpose and scope of use, it can be divided into the following five types:
1. Ignition engine fuels include aviation gasoline, motor gasoline, etc.
2. Jet fuel (jet fuel) is aviation kerosene.
3. Compression ignition engine fuel (diesel fuel) has high-speed, medium-speed, and low-speed diesel.
4. LPG fuel is a liquid hydrocarbon.
5. Boiler fuels include furnace fuel oil and marine fuel oil.

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