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Description
Hardware layer, intermediate layer, system software layer and application software layer (1) Hardware layer: embedded microprocessor, memory, universal device interface and I/O interface. Embedded core module = microprocessor + power supply circuit + clock circuit + memory Cache: located between the main memory and the embedded microprocessor kernel, it stores the program code and data used by the microprocessor in the recent period of time. Its main goal is to reduce the memory access bottleneck caused by the memory to the microprocessor core and make the processing speed. (2) The middle layer (also known as the hardware abstraction layer HAL or board level support package BSP) it separates the upper layer of the system software from the underlying hardware, so that the upper layer of the system software developers do not need to concern the specific situation of the underlying hardware, according to the interface provided by the BSP layer development.
BSP has two characteristics: hardware dependency and operating system dependency. Designing a complete BSP needs to complete two parts: hardware initialization of embedded system and BSP function. Chip level initialization: pure hardware initialization process, which gradually sets the embedded microprocessor from the default state of power-on to the required operating state of the system. Board-level initialization: An initialization process that includes both hardware and software to establish a hardware and software operating environment for subsequent system initialization and application programs.
System-level initialization: A software-based initialization process that initializes the operating system.
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